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European History

History 969 clues
Practice European History

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top 50

Memorize these and recognize 22.7% of all European History clues.

#AnswerCountSample Clue
1 Italy 10 Seen here is an example of the former currency of this European nation
2 Spain 9 Pre-Euro purchases in this nation required pesetas
3 the Ottoman Empire 9 "We have on our hands a sick man—a very sick man" the Russian czar said of this country
4 Yugoslavia 7 Marshal Tito, born Josip Broz, was president of this country for 27 years; 11 years after his death it began to partition
5 Romania 7 As prince & king, Carol I ruled this Eastern European nation from 1866 to 1914
6 France 7 Before the U.S., this European nation was mired down in Vietnam
7 the Holy Roman Empire 7 During an interregnum from 1250-1273, this empire had no emperor
8 Otto von Bismarck 7 In 1890 Wilhelm II forced the resignation of this notorious OVB, who was not Prussian around much after that
9 Hungary 6 In November 1956 Soviet troops moved into this country to crush the revolution led by Imre Nagy
10 Norway 5 In 2012 the mass killer of 77 people in this Scandinavian country got the maximum sentence—21 years
11 Louis XIV 5 With a 72-year reign over France from 1643 to 1715, he's the longest-ruling king in European history
12 Greece 5 The drachma
13 Belgium 5 After a German blitzkrieg, this country's King Leopold III surrendered on May 28, 1940
14 Austria 5 Hitting Innsbruck or Salzburg in this country & saying "G'day, mate!" over & over will only confuse the locals
15 Vaclav Havel 5 In 1989 this writer took the lead in forming the Civic Forum which opposed Czechoslovakia's Communist regime
16 the Thirty Years' War 5 If you're gonna defenestrate, do it in Prague, site of them in 1419, 1483 & 1618, the proximate cause of this conflict
17 Sweden 4 King Gustav III of this country was shot at the opera house in 1792 & died 2 weeks later
18 Solidarity 4 In the 1989 elections this party won 99 of 100 seats in Poland's Senat
19 Prussia 4 Once Europe's leading military power & later the largest state in Germany, it was abolished by the Allies in 1947
20 Portugal 4 Following a military coup, in the mid-1970s this nation granted independence to all of its colonies except Macau
21 Napoleon 4 He was born in Corsica's capital of Ajaccio on August 15, 1769, the same year the French took over
22 Macedonia 4 Starting in the 300s B.C., Hellenistic civilization was spread from this land where a new country was declared in 1991
23 Luxembourg 4 Signed in this small northwest nation in 1985, the Schengen Agreement covers the free movement of peoples through the European Union
24 Julius Caesar 4 Celtic independence on the European continent came to an end with this leader's 58 to 51 B.C. conquest of Gaul
25 Gibraltar 4 The British captured this narrow peninsula in 1704; Spain has coveted it ever since
26 Germany 4 At the end of WWII, Poland received Szczecin, now one of its leading ports, from this country
27 Ferdinand & Isabella 4 The marriage of this royal pair in 1469 led to the Trastamara Dynasty ruling over 2 kingdoms united into one
28 Czechoslovakia 4 This nation that was formed at the end of World War I broke in 2 in 1993
29 the Warsaw Pact 4 After 36 years, this military alliance that was behind the iron curtain was officially dissolved on July 1, 1991
30 the Pope 4 In medieval politics the Ghibellines supported the emperor; the Guelphs were loyal to the man with this title
31 Waterloo 3 The Military Order of William was created in 1815, after a future Dutch king was wounded in this battle
32 the Netherlands 3 In 1976, after the parliament of this nation said having less than 5 grams of cannabis was legal, it was off to the "coffee shop"
33 the Hapsburgs 3 This Austrian royal house traces its ancestry back to a man known as Guntram the Rich
34 Switzerland 3 On Dec. 11, 1996 this country agreed to search its banks for the assets of Holocaust victims
35 Russia 3 The Central Powers won World War I on the Eastern Front when this country stopped fighting in Dec. 1917
36 Rome 3 When Italy was declared united in 1861, it was still missing Venice & this current capital
37 Mussolini 3 Certainly up to no good were Hitler & this Italian leader, pictured together in 1937
38 Monaco 3 In 1297 this principality was acquired by the house of Grimaldi
39 Milan 3 Around 600 B.C. the Insubres, a tribe in northern Italy, founded Mediolanum, today this city
40 Martin Luther 3 Charles convened the Diet of Worms where this man refused to recant his beliefs
41 Khrushchev 3 In March 1958 he succeeded Marshal Bulganin as premier of the Soviet Union
42 Iceland 3 From 930-1262, this country's Althing served as both court & legislature
43 Holy Roman Emperor 3 The Bohemian Czech king Charles IV held this "Holy" title from 1355 to 1378
44 heresy 3 In 1415 Czech religious reformer John Hus was condemned & burned at the stake for this crime
45 Granada 3 Home to the Alhambra Palace, this last Moorish kingdom of Spain was ruled by the Nasrid Dynasty from the 1200s to 1492
46 Gaul 3 In 314 a schism was the impetus for the Council of Arles, then a part of this ancient Roman region
47 Garibaldi 3 Living comfortably in Nice in the 1840s, he could not resist joining the then-unlikely movement to make Italy one country
48 Franz Kafka 3 This writer's dad, Hermann, married Julie Lowy in 1882 & named their son after the Austro-Hungarian emperor
49 El Cid 3 He fought both the Spanish Christians & the Moors before conquering Muslim Valencia in 1094
50 Denmark 3 Bismarck showed off the Prussian military when he provoked this northern country into war over Schleswig-Holstein

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Modern (post-1990)

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124
answers to learn
3 Must-Know
30 Should-Know
91 Worth Knowing

Must-Know Answers

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Italy 10 Spain 9 the Ottoman Empire 9

Answers by Category

Jump to: Other | Ancient | World War I | Medieval | World War II | Revolutionary Era | Civil War | Colonial / Exploration | Cold War

Other

59 answers | 157 clues
Must-Know (1)
the Ottoman Empire 9x 11.1% stumper $844 avg J:3 DJ:6
J $200 2008 Having succeeded his brother Mustafa II, Ahmed III was this empire's sultan & would remain so until 1730
J $800 2025 Cervantes fought in the Battle of Lepanto, part of a conflict that saw Venice, Spain & the papacy facing this eastern power
DJ $1,000 1990 When Russia's Nicholas I referred to the "sick man" of Europe, he was talking about this empire
Should-Know (9)
Louis XIV 5x $600 avg J:1 DJ:3 FJ:1
DJ $400 2021 With a 72-year reign over France from 1643 to 1715, he's the longest-ruling king in European history
DJ $600 1999 A Grand Alliance was formed in 1689 against this Sun King to enforce the treaty's provisions
FJ 2013 This 17th century king named his throne room the Apollo Chamber
Austria 5x 50.0% stumper $850 avg J:4 FJ:1
J $400 2010 Hitting Innsbruck or Salzburg in this country & saying "G'day, mate!" over & over will only confuse the locals
J $600 2007 The Schilling
J $1,600 DD 2009 Of the 27 full members of the EU, this nation is first alphabetically
Ferdinand & Isabella 5x $480 avg J:2 DJ:3
J $200 1990 Their marriage in 1469 began the unification of nearly all of present-day Spain
J $1,000 2001 With Papal approval, this royal pair began the Inquisition in 1478
DJ $400 2023 The marriage of this royal pair in 1469 led to the Trastamara Dynasty ruling over 2 kingdoms united into one
Sweden 4x $650 avg J:2 DJ:2
J $200 2020 In the Kalmar War of 1611-1613, Denmark beat up on this rival to the north
J $1,000 2017 King Charles XII of this nation was a boy military genius who won battles against Russia, Poland & Denmark in the 1700s
DJ $200 2000 The 1814 Convention of Moss, presumably held on the north side of a tree, united Norway with this country
Solidarity 4x $1,250 avg DJ:4
DJ $200 1998 In 1981 Poland's premier declared martial law, arrested thousands & suspended this trade union
DJ $4,000 DD 2000 In the 1989 elections this party won 99 of 100 seats in Poland's Senat
DJ $400 2016 Labor unrest at the Gdansk shipyards in 1980 led to the creation of this union
Portugal 4x 25.0% stumper $1,250 avg DJ:4
DJ $400 2014 During the last 17 years of his reign, Spain's King Philip II also ruled as this neighboring country's King Philip I
DJ $600 1995 In 1580 Spain's King Philip II became King Philip I of this country
DJ $1,000 DD 1994 In 1961 the Indian military forced this country out of its possessions of Goa, Daman & Diu
Napoleon 4x $225 avg J:2 DJ:2
J $100 1996 While in exile on the island of St. Helena from 1815-1821, he dictated his memoirs to friends
J $200 2001 This French emperor's invasion in 1808 helped put the inquisition out of business
DJ $200 1991 He said, "I found the crown of France lying on the ground, and I picked it up with a sword"
Luxembourg 4x 50.0% stumper $500 avg J:1 DJ:3
J $200 1996 This grand duchy was founded in 963 when Siegfried, Count of Ardennes, gained control of the area
DJ $600 1996 In 1890 this grand duchy ended its political ties to the Dutch royal family
DJ $400 1994 Grand Duchess Charlotte abdicated in 1964 & her son, Prince Jean, became this country's Grand Duke
the Hapsburgs 4x 25.0% stumper $1,300 avg DJ:4
DJ $600 1989 In the 16th & 17th centuries this royal family ruled Spain was well as Austria
DJ $2,000 2018 The Swiss defeated the Austrian forces of this family at 1386's Battle of Sempach
DJ $600 1994 This Austrian royal house traces its ancestry back to a man known as Guntram the Rich
Worth Knowing (49)

Ancient

23 answers | 77 clues
Should-Know (9)
Romania 7x 28.6% stumper $800 avg J:3 DJ:4
J $200 2022 The Gabor are a Roma group around the city Targu Mures in this country that sounds like it should have a large Roma minority & does
DJ $800 2021 On December 1, 1918 Transylvania made it official & reunited with this country
DJ $1,000 DD 1992 In 1944 Ion Antonescu was overthrown as this nation's leader & it joined the Allies
the Holy Roman Empire 7x 16.7% stumper $917 avg J:2 DJ:4 FJ:1
J $600 2005 When it was known as Pannonia, Hungary was incorporated into this empire around 14 A.D.
J $1,400 DD 2008 Also the king of Hungary & Bohemia, Joseph I held this other imperial crown in 1708
FJ 1988 Germany's 3rd Reich was the Nazi regime, the 2nd was the 1871-1918 monarchy, while the 1st Reich was this
Greece 5x 40.0% stumper $480 avg J:3 DJ:2
J $200 2004 When it became independent in 1829, it was half its current size, but added Thessaly in 1881, Epirus in 1913...
DJ $600 1990 In 1833, Bavarian Prince Otto became the 1st king of this Balkan country after its liberation from Turkey
J $1,000 DD 2020 Helped by Lord Byron, in 1830 it became the first of the Ottoman Empire's subject nations to achieve independence
the Thirty Years' War 5x 20.0% stumper $1,600 avg J:2 DJ:3
J $600 2010 As a 10-year-old, Louis' rule was strengthened in 1648 with the end of this numeric religious war
DJ $1,000 1989 This lengthy war began in 1618 when revolting guilds of Prague threw aides of Ferdinand II out the window
DJ $1,600 2023 This decades-long war in Europe began in 1618 when Czech nobles rebelled against the future Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II
Macedonia 4x $800 avg J:1 DJ:2 FJ:1
DJ $600 1999 On March 31, 1999 3 U.S. soldiers were captured while patrolling near this country's border with Serbia
J $1,000 2024 In 346 B.C., Athens made the Peace of Philocrates with this northern kingdom soon to spread to empire size
FJ 2012 Starting in the 300s B.C., Hellenistic civilization was spread from this land where a new country was declared in 1991
Julius Caesar 4x 75.0% stumper $650 avg DJ:4
DJ $400 2011 Celtic independence on the European continent came to an end with this leader's 58 to 51 B.C. conquest of Gaul
DJ $800 2002 In the 50s B.C. this Roman ruler conquered the Low Countries, including what is now known as the Netherlands
DJ $1,000 DD 2018 The Celtic Helvetii tried to move from Switzerland to Gaul but this man, then Roman governor, barred them in 58 B.C.
Germany 4x 25.0% stumper $450 avg DJ:4
DJ $200 1999 What was once the province of Westphalia is now part of 3 states in this country
DJ $1,000 DD 1988 Its emergence as a unified nation was proclaimed in the Hall of Mirrors at Versailles, January 18, 1871
DJ $200 1991 In 1807 Napoleon made his brother Jerome king of Westphalia, which is now part of this country
the Pope 4x 25.0% stumper $700 avg J:1 DJ:3
J $200 2010 Lisbon-born Pedro Juliao didn't last long on this Job; he was killed by a falling ceiling 8 months after becoming John XXI
DJ $600 1999 While serving in this post in 799, Leo III was attacked in Rome & took refuge in Charlemagne's court
DJ $1,600 2018 Reviving medieval groups, neo-Guelfs saw this personage as the hub of Italian unity; neo-Ghibellines said no
Holy Roman Emperor 4x $400 avg J:3 FJ:1
J $400 2000 The Bohemian Czech king Charles IV held this "Holy" title from 1355 to 1378
J $600 2020 German King Henry VII invaded Rome in 1312 & while he was there, picked up this title
FJ 2023 Until 1806, some German nobles included among their honors the title of "Elector" for their role in selecting this personage
Worth Knowing (14)

World War I

10 answers | 44 clues
Must-Know (1)
Italy 10x 10.0% stumper $580 avg J:3 DJ:7
J $200 2007 The lira
DJ $600 1998 This country's second king, Umberto I, was assassinated by an anarchist in 1900
DJ $2,000 2021 In 1919 this country gained South Tyrol & Trieste from Austria-Hungary
Should-Know (4)
Yugoslavia 7x $457 avg J:2 DJ:5
J $200 2025 Marshal Tito, born Josip Broz, was president of this country for 27 years; 11 years after his death it began to partition
DJ $600 1993 In 1991 Slovenia declared its independence from this country
DJ $1,000 1994 Under the 1920 Rapallo Treaty, most of the Dalmatian region became part of this country
Otto von Bismarck 7x 28.6% stumper $914 avg DJ:7
DJ $200 1989 As chancellor of Germany from 1871-90, he forged an empire
DJ $800 1989 2 years after becoming Kaiser in 1888, Germany's Wilhelm II dismissed this famous chancellor
DJ $1,200 2018 This Prussian PM began the process that led to German unification as an attempt to stick it to Austria
Norway 5x $520 avg J:3 DJ:2
J $200 2013 In 2012 the mass killer of 77 people in this Scandinavian country got the maximum sentence—21 years
J $500 1996 After the German invasion of 1940, Vidkun Quisling declared himself head of this country's government
DJ $1,000 1995 The city of Trondheim was founded in 997 & once served as this country's capital
Czechoslovakia 4x 25.0% stumper $1,050 avg J:1 DJ:3
DJ $200 2001 Born in Bohemia in 1884, Edward Benes was the first foreign minister & second president of this country
DJ $1,600 2021 After Vaclav Havel resigned as president in 1992, a "Velvet Divorce" split this country in 2
DJ $400 1990 Moravia is the central & Bohemia the western part of this country that was established in 1918
Worth Knowing (5)

Medieval

17 answers | 44 clues
Should-Know (2)
France 7x 28.6% stumper $529 avg J:1 DJ:6
DJ $200 1994 Jean Le Bon, king of this country, was captured by the English at the Battle of Poitiers in 1356
DJ $1,200 2012 As Pope Alexander VI, Rodrigo Borgia fought the invasion of Italy by King Charles VIII of this country; plague helped
DJ $200 1985 In 1793, this country's Committee of Public Safety instituted the Reign of Terror
Martin Luther 4x $450 avg DJ:4
DJ $200 1990 While hidden at Wartburg Castle in 1521, this man began his German translation of the New Testament
DJ $1,000 1998 Charles convened the Diet of Worms where this man refused to recant his beliefs
DJ $400 1985 Threatened with excommunication, this Reformation leader publicly burned the bull
Worth Knowing (15)

World War II

4 answers | 15 clues
Should-Know (2)
Belgium 5x $320 avg J:1 DJ:4
DJ $200 2000 Rattachisme is the movement for Walloons to break up this country & join France
DJ $800 2013 Napoleon met his Waterloo in 1815 just outside the town of Waterloo in what's now this country
DJ $200 1999 After a German blitzkrieg, this country's King Leopold III surrendered on May 28, 1940
Prussia 4x $750 avg J:1 DJ:3
J $200 1991 In 1947 the Allied Control Council legally abolished this once powerful state of Germany
DJ $800 1991 When King Wilhelm I became emperor of Germany in 1871, this became the German Empire's largest state
DJ $1,200 2018 In the 1850s Neuchatel was at the same time part of Switzerland & property of this German state's Friedrich Wilhelm
Worth Knowing (2)

Revolutionary Era

3 answers | 14 clues
Should-Know (2)
Hungary 6x $833 avg DJ:6
DJ $400 1991 From about 970 to 1301, descendants of Arpad, chief of the Magyars, ruled this country
DJ $600 2000 In November 1956 Soviet troops moved into this country to crush the revolution led by Imre Nagy
DJ $2,000 2012 Nagycenk in this country has an alley of lime trees more than 1 1/2 miles long
Vaclav Havel 5x 20.0% stumper $720 avg DJ:5
DJ $400 2009 This former Czech president's "Letters to Olga" is a volume of correspondence he wrote to his wife while in jail
DJ $800 2002 In 1994 this politician & playwright was awarded the Philadelphia Liberty Medal
DJ $1,200 2025 This playwright was the last president of Czechoslovakia & the first of the Czech Republic
Worth Knowing (1)

Civil War

2 answers | 11 clues
Must-Know (1)
Spain 9x 11.1% stumper $733 avg J:2 DJ:7
DJ $200 1996 During this country's civil war, 1936-1939, an autonomous Basque state was established by the republic
DJ $800 2014 In 1808 Joseph Bonaparte was proclaimed king of this country, but after 5 years, the Bourbon dynasty was restored
J $1,000 2017 Pre-Euro purchases in this nation required pesetas
Worth Knowing (1)

Colonial / Exploration

3 answers | 9 clues
Should-Know (1)
Gibraltar 4x $475 avg J:1 DJ:3
DJ $200 1991 As a result of the War of Spanish Succession, Britain received Menorca & this rocky colony
DJ $600 1994 In 1967 this colony voted to reject Spanish rule & remain under British sovereignty
J $300 1992 Britain captured this strategic Iberian promontory in 1704
Worth Knowing (2)

Cold War

3 answers | 9 clues
Should-Know (1)
the Warsaw Pact 4x $300 avg J:1 DJ:3
DJ $200 1990 In 1955, the USSR & its satellites signed this pact in Poland after NATO admitted West Germany
DJ $400 2021 After 36 years, this military alliance that was behind the iron curtain was officially dissolved on July 1, 1991
J $400 1991 Signed on 5/14/55, it was known officially as a "treaty of friendship, cooperation, and mutual assistance"
Worth Knowing (2)
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