Landmarks.

Overview

Landmarks is one of Jeopardy!'s most distinctive topics, with roughly 700 clues spread across four decades of the show. What sets it apart is an extraordinary Final Jeopardy presence: 59 FJ appearances give it an 8.4% FJ ratio, one of the highest of any topic. And these are hard clues; the FJ correct rate is only 51.7%, meaning nearly half of all contestants get Landmarks FJ clues wrong. If there is a single topic where deeper study pays off disproportionately in Final Jeopardy, this is it.

The topic splits nearly evenly between rounds: 344 Jeopardy clues (49%) and 297 Double Jeopardy clues (42%), with those 59 FJ clues making up the remaining 8.4%. The main category is "LANDMARKS" (261 clues), but BRIDGES commands an enormous 127-clue sub-category of its own, 18% of all Landmarks clues. "U.S. LANDMARKS" (61), "LITERARY LANDMARKS" (26), "LONDON LANDMARKS" (21), and "WORLD LANDMARKS" (12) round out the range.

The long-tail problem: Landmarks has 509 unique answers, and the top 80 cover only about 40% of all clues. The Golden Gate Bridge leads with 12 appearances, followed by Westminster Abbey (9), the Statue of Liberty (8), the Eiffel Tower (7), the Arc de Triomphe (7), and Mount Rushmore (7). But after the top 10, frequency drops to 5 or fewer clues per answer. You cannot memorize a short list and expect to be covered; you need broad geographic literacy.

The gimmes: the Golden Gate Bridge (12, 100%), the Arc de Triomphe (7, 100%), the Taj Mahal (6, 100%), the Sphinx (6, 100%), the Colosseum (6, 100%), the Washington Monument (5, 100%), Stonehenge (5, 100%), London Bridge (5, 100%), Big Ben (5, 100%), the Brandenburg Gate (4, 100%), the Alamo (4, 100%), the Hoover Dam (3, 100%), the George Washington Bridge (3, 100%), the Brooklyn Bridge (3, 100%), Sugarloaf (3, 100%).

The stumper zone: agriculture (3 clues, 0%, yes, that's an answer in Landmarks), Cambodia/Kampuchea (3, 0%), the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (3, 33%), the White House (3, 33%), Philadelphia (5, 40%), the Berlin Wall (4, 50%), the Capitol (4, 50%), Mount Rushmore (7, 67%), Florence (4, 67%).

Study strategy: Start with the six sections below. Section 2 (American Landmarks) and Section 3 (European Landmarks) cover the most frequently tested individual landmarks. Section 5 (Bridges) is essential, 127 clues is massive, and bridge clues often test geographic knowledge (what river, what city, what country). Section 6 (Final Jeopardy) is where you'll find the patterns that separate prepared contestants from the 48.3% who get Landmarks FJ wrong.

American Landmarks

The Golden Gate Bridge

~12 clues · 100% correct

The single most-tested landmark in Jeopardy, and a perfect gimme, no one has ever missed it. The clues cycle through a reliable set of facts: its International Orange paint color (Sherwin Williams' "Fireweed" is the closest match), its 746-foot towers (the world's tallest bridge towers at completion), its 1937 opening, and its connection to engineer Joseph Strauss, whose statue stands at the San Francisco-side visitor area. It was the world's longest suspension bridge from 1937 to 1964. During the 1987 50th anniversary celebration, so many pedestrians crowded it that some feared it might collapse. The bridge connects San Francisco to Marin County.

The FJ clue quoted chief engineer Strauss: "At last the mighty task is done; resplendent in the western sun."

The Statue of Liberty

~8 clues · 80% correct

A gift from France, "Mother of Exiles" (from Emma Lazarus's poem "The New Colossus"); that phrase has appeared in FJ. Jose Marti, the Cuban poet, was an eyewitness at the 1886 dedication, writing of "luckless Irishmen, Poles, Italians" running toward the wharves to see it. For her 100th birthday in 1986, she got her torch back after restoration. The FJ clues tend toward the literary and historical rather than simple identification.

Mount Rushmore

~7 clues · 67% correct

One of the most frequently tested American landmarks, yet surprisingly difficult at 67% correct. The Lakota Sioux knew the site as "Six Grandfathers" before it was renamed for New York lawyer Charles E. Rushmore. Its creator, Gutzon Borglum, said the four presidents represent the nation's founding (Washington), expansion (Jefferson), development (Lincoln), and preservation (Theodore Roosevelt). The first segment was dedicated July 4, 1930; the last was completed in 1941. Eleanor Roosevelt urged a fifth figure representing "American Womanhood" in 1935. Its mailing address is Keystone, South Dakota 57751.

Mount Rushmore has appeared in FJ three times, more than almost any other landmark. The clues focus on the Lakota name, Borglum's artistic philosophy, and the dedication timeline.

Watch out: Mount Rushmore is a stumper because FJ clues don't ask "What mountain has four presidents carved on it?" They ask about its Lakota name, the symbolism of the four presidents, or obscure dedication dates. Know the details, not just the image.

The Space Needle

~6 clues · 83% correct

Seattle's 605-foot landmark opened on the first day of the 1962 World's Fair. Architect John Graham produced the final saucer design. For its 50th anniversary in 2012, the roof was temporarily repainted its original "Galaxy Gold." The original paint scheme included "Astronaut White" for the supports and "Re-entry Red" for the halo. Two FJ appearances: one about the 1962 opening and paint colors, another revealing it as the inspiration for the Skypad Apartments on The Jetsons (design artist Iwao Takamoto confirmed this).

Other Key American Landmarks

The Washington Monument (5 clues, 100%), At 555 feet 5 inches, the world's tallest all-stone structure for its first century. Cornerstone laid July 4, 1848. FJ clue (2024) quoted Senator Sherman: "Simple in form... it rises into the skies higher than any other work of human hands."

Independence Hall (4 clues, 75%), The site where John Hancock signed his "John Hancock." Located at 520 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, originally the Pennsylvania State House; the "Birthplace of America."

The Lincoln Memorial (FJ) (Cornerstone laid February 12, 1915) Lincoln's birthday. The date is the FJ-level detail.

The Old North Church (2 clues + 2 FJ), Formally Christ Church, where Paul Revere's signal lanterns were hung. In April 1975, President Ford lit a third lantern to start America's Bicentennial. A bell inscription: "We are the first ring of bells cast for the British Empire in North America." Two FJ appearances make this a high-value target.

The Alamo (4 clues, 100%), A perfect gimme. From the Spanish for "cottonwood," this former Spanish mission (est. 1718) in San Antonio is where Bowie and Crockett died. In 1883, a Catholic diocese sold it to Texas for $20,000, an FJ clue.

Fort Knox (3 clues), Site of both the U.S. gold bullion depository and the Patton Museum. During WWII, the vault held the original U.S. Constitution.

The Capitol (4 clues, 50%), Harder than expected. Crawford's "Armed Freedom" sits atop its dome. A 1983 bomb blast shook the building.

Camp David (FJ), Named "Shangri-La" in 1942 (after the Tibetan paradise in Lost Horizon), renamed in 1953 for Eisenhower's grandson David.

Plymouth Rock (FJ), First identified in 1741 (not 1620!), it split while being dragged to Liberty Pole Square in 1774.

The Griffith Observatory (2 clues + FJ), A James Dean memorial stands adjacent to it, at one of the high spots in Los Angeles.

Watch out: Philadelphia as an answer (5 clues, 40% correct) is a major stumper, clues describe Independence Hall or the Liberty Bell without naming the city. The Capitol (50%) is trickier than expected when clues focus on architectural details.

European Landmarks

Westminster Abbey

~9 clues · 75% correct

The most-tested European landmark, though its 75% correct rate reveals surprising difficulty. William the Conqueror started the tradition of monarchs being crowned here in 1066. The coronation throne of England is in the chapel of Edward the Confessor. The tomb of Britain's "Unknown Warrior" is here, an FJ clue. The FJ clues test historical details (coronation traditions, notable burials) rather than simple identification.

The Eiffel Tower

~7 clues · 86% correct

Built for the 1889 Universal Exposition, the tallest structure of that world's fair. Its base spans the Champ de Mars. Maupassant and Dumas fils signed a protest against its construction, a favorite FJ fact. James Bond battled Grace Jones on it in A View to a Kill. Two FJ appearances, both focusing on its controversial origins.

The Arc de Triomphe

~7 clues · 100% correct

A perfect gimme: no one misses this. France's Unknown Soldier lies beneath it on the Champs-Elysees. Napoleon commissioned it, but it wasn't completed until 15 years after his death. The inner walls bear the names of 386 of Napoleon's generals. Clues consistently test the Unknown Soldier connection and the Napoleon commission.

The Colosseum

~6 clues · 100% correct

Another perfect gimme. Originally had a retractable roof ("could have been called Gladiatordome"). The gladiatorial salute "We who are about to die" and Poe's poem about its "shattered cornices" are both tested. All Double Jeopardy clues.

The Leaning Tower of Pisa

~5 clues · varied

Begun in 1174, it was finally stabilized in May 2008 after more than 700 years of slow movement. According to legend, Galileo dropped weights from it. From June 1987 to June 1988, it tipped another 1/20th of an inch. Two FJ appearances: both focus on the engineering story (stabilization, counterbalancing with 800+ tons of lead) rather than the lean itself.

Big Ben

~5 clues · varied

Completed in 1858, it was to be named St. Stephen but was nicknamed after Benjamin Hall, the chief commissioner of works, an FJ fact. An 1844 review complained it "wasn't justified by utility when almost every mechanic carries a watch." Penny coins are added to or removed from its pendulum to fine-tune accuracy. The FJ clue tests the naming origin.

The Tower of London

~3 clues · 100% correct

The Crown Jewels are housed here: clues mention the Sceptre with the Dove and the Sword of Mercy. The Chief Warder has locked its gates each night at 10 for centuries. Like Sir Thomas More, three 16th-century English queens are buried here. Two FJ appearances, both testing knowledge of what's housed or buried within.

The Brandenburg Gate

~4 clues · 100% correct

Completed in 1791, it was reopened in 1989 after being closed for 28 years (during the Berlin Wall era), an FJ clue. It's the only remaining town gate of Berlin, located at the western end of Unter den Linden. Commissioned by Frederick William II, its design was modeled on the Propylaea in Athens.

The Berlin Wall

~4 clues · 50% correct

A significant stumper at 50%. Reagan's June 1987 "tear down this wall" speech is the standard J-round clue. The FJ clues are harder: 96 miles total, with the most well-known part roughly the length of an Olympic marathon. In 2009, during the 20th anniversary celebration, it was called "an edifice of fear" that "on November 9 became a place of joy." Two FJ appearances, and the 50% rate shows how the show's literary, quote-heavy approach to this landmark catches contestants off guard.

Stonehenge

~5 clues · 100% correct

A gimme when it appears. Builders of this rock circle on Salisbury Plain remain unknown. Experts now reject the idea it was a Druid temple or eclipse calculator. Recent research suggests segments were moved 150 miles from Wales. Henry James wrote that its "immemorial gray pillars may serve to remind you of the enormous background of time" an FJ clue from 2026.

The Bridge of Sighs

~4 clues · 100% correct

Always a gimme. The name comes from the lamentations of prisoners forced to cross it in Venice. A bridge over the Cam River in Cambridge, England, is named after it. Appears in both the main LANDMARKS and BRIDGES categories.

Other Notable European Landmarks

The Louvre (FJ), Of its principal architects from the 1500s to the 1980s (Pierre Lescot, Hector Lefuel), none were foreigners. Paris locale of the Mona Lisa.

The Kremlin (FJ) (Not just Moscow's) Pskov and Nizhny Novgorod also have fortresses called "the Kremlin." The FJ clue tests this broader meaning.

Hadrian's Wall (FJ), Situated about 100 miles south of the Antonine Wall. A national trail stretches 84 miles from Newcastle to the Solway Firth along its line.

The Trevi Fountain (FJ, 2025), Features a relief of Agrippa approving the design of an aqueduct and Pietro Bracci's statue of Oceanus.

The Panthéon (FJ), Soufflot designed this Paris landmark and was interred there 49 years after dying.

La Scala (FJ), Its name is Italian for "theater at the stairway."

The Little Mermaid (FJ + 1 clue), A Copenhagen waterfront resident since 1913, inspired by prima ballerina Ellen Price and sculpted by Edvard Eriksen.

Watch out: European landmarks in FJ almost always test origin stories, who built it, when, and why. The Eiffel Tower protest, Big Ben's naming, the Brandenburg Gate's 28-year closure, the Kremlin's non-Moscow meaning. Simple identification is never enough at the FJ level.

World Landmarks

The Taj Mahal

~6 clues · 100% correct

A perfect gimme. Its name is literally Persian for "crown of palaces" an FJ fact. Built by Shah Jahan as a tomb for his wife Mumtaz Mahal, it stands in Agra, India. The white marble dome is decorated with floral patterns and passages from the Quran. Its 133-foot minarets are a favorite DJ detail. Poet Rabindranath Tagore compared it to "a teardrop glistening on the cheek of time" another FJ clue. Two FJ appearances, both testing the poetic and etymological rather than the visual.

The Sphinx

~6 clues · 100% correct

Another perfect gimme. Part man, part lion, it crouches near the Great Pyramids south of the Great Pyramid of Giza. It made headlines in February 1988 when a chunk of its shoulder fell off. Clues describe it as "de-faced by sand and invading armies." Always identified as a limestone sculpture.

The Great Wall of China

~2 clues

A surprisingly small presence for such an iconic landmark. In its own country, it's known as "Wan-li Chang cheng." A 5,500-mile-long section runs from Mount Hu near Dandong to a spot in Gansu Province.

The Sydney Opera House

~5 clues · 100% correct

Its roof has been variously described as "sails, clam shells, and a huddle of nuns in a high wind" a memorable FJ description. The series of white sail-shaped shells serve as its roof, designed to look like sails in Sydney Harbor. The Eighth Wonder, a 2004 opera by Alan John with libretto by Dennis Watkins, is about its opening in 1973. Two FJ appearances.

Victoria Falls

FJ appearance

David Livingstone wrote of his discovery: "Scenes so lovely must have been gazed upon by angels in their flight." This is a pure literary-quote FJ clue, know the Livingstone connection.

Angel Falls

FJ + 1 clue

The longest unbroken drop of this Venezuelan waterfall is 2,648 feet. In 1960, the ashes of aviator James Angel were spread over the falls he had famously sighted decades earlier. The FJ clue tests the eponymous connection, "(James) Angel."

Mount Everest

FJ appearance (2021)

In December 2020, an international agreement added nearly 3 feet to its official height; one surveyor lost half a toe in the effort. The FJ clue is a recent one, testing awareness of this re-measurement.

The CN Tower

~4 clues · 75% correct

All 1,815 feet of it stand in Toronto. Its elevators rise at 20 feet per second. The restaurant atop it serves Saskatchewan mushrooms and Ontario wines. Clues always mention its height and its two-letter name.

Sugarloaf

~3 clues · 100% correct

The "sweet" mountain overlooking Rio de Janeiro's harbor. In Brazil it's called Pão de Açúcar. You reach its summit by cable car for views of Rio and Guanabara Bay.

The Kaaba

~3 clues · 67% correct

The holiest shrine in Islam, a cube-shaped structure in Mecca's Great Mosque. Muslims orient themselves toward it during prayer. A higher-difficulty answer; the 67% correct rate reflects that some contestants struggle with the name.

Other World Landmarks

Gibraltar (3 clues + FJ); Tradition says as long as the Barbary apes remain, the British will too. Operation Felix was a planned 1941 Nazi action to seize it, never carried out because Spain wouldn't go along, an FJ clue.

Machu Picchu (1 clue), UNESCO and Peru agreed to limit visitors to 2,500 per day, but the number is regularly exceeded.

Angkor Wat, Appears in the BRIDGES category: Cambodia opened its first bridge over the Mekong in December 2001.

The Wailing Wall / Western Wall, Worshippers insert bits of paper containing written prayers into its cracks. All that remains of the Second Temple of Jerusalem.

Watch out: World Landmarks in FJ lean heavily on literary quotes. Livingstone on Victoria Falls, Tagore on the Taj Mahal, Henry James on Stonehenge; the show loves asking contestants to identify a landmark from a famous writer's description of it. If you encounter a poetic quote about a landmark in FJ, think: who is the most famous person to have written about this place?

Bridges

The 127-Clue Sub-Topic

BRIDGES is the single largest sub-category within Landmarks, with 127 dedicated clues, 18% of all Landmarks content. This is essentially a topic within a topic. Bridge clues don't just test "name the bridge" they test geography (what river? what city? what country?), engineering (suspension vs. cantilever vs. covered), and history (when built? who designed it? what happened to it?).

The Major Bridges

The Golden Gate Bridge (7 clues in BRIDGES alone, 12 total, 100%), See American Landmarks above. Within the BRIDGES category specifically, clues focus on its suspension bridge record (longest from 1937 to 1964), its towers, and its engineering.

London Bridge (5 clues, 100%), The essential Jeopardy fact: the old London Bridge now stands in Lake Havasu City, Arizona. Rededicated there in 1971, Guinness calls it "the largest antique ever sold." Queen Elizabeth II dedicated a new London Bridge in 1973. The nursery rhyme "falling down" connection is a low-value gimme.

The Bridge of Sighs (4 clues, 100%), Named for prisoners' lamentations in Venice. A Cambridge, England bridge is named after it.

The George Washington Bridge (3 clues, 100%), Carries traffic from Fort Lee, New Jersey, to New York City since 1931. Its lower level opened in 1962. While Washington is known for crossing the Delaware, his 3,500-foot-long namesake bridge crosses the Hudson.

The Brooklyn Bridge (3 clues, 100%), Opened in 1883, it spans the East River into lower Manhattan. One of the first bridges to use steel for cable wire. Designed by John Roebling, who also designed the Niagara Bridge.

The Verrazano-Narrows Bridge (1 clue, 100%), Named for an explorer, it's the longest suspension bridge in the U.S.

The Peace Bridge (2 clues, 0%), A total stumper. Know it connects the U.S. and Canada.

The Manhattan Bridge (2 clues, 0%), Another stumper. Often asked alongside the Brooklyn and Williamsburg Bridges as the three bridges connecting Manhattan and Brooklyn.

Bridge Geography: Rivers, Cities, Countries

A huge portion of bridge clues are really geography questions in disguise:

• The Seine (2 clues, 100%) The Alexandre III Bridge sits only 20 feet above it. The Pont Neuf ("new bridge"), opened in 1607, is the oldest existing bridge over the Seine in Paris.
• The Danube: The Chain Bridge (1849) was the first to link Buda and Pest.
• The Hudson: The George Washington Bridge crosses it.
• The Mississippi: The Huey P. Long Bridge crosses it. The I-35W bridge in Minneapolis collapsed into it in 2007.
• Istanbul (3 clues, 67%) Bridges over the Bosporus connect Asia and Europe.
• Scotland (3 clues, 67%) The Firth of Forth Bridge was the world's longest span in the late 1800s.
• Cambodia/Kampuchea (3 clues, 0%) Total stumper. In 2001, Cambodia opened its first bridge over the Mekong.
• Lake Pontchartrain: The almost-24-mile bridge near New Orleans is the world's longest bridge over water.
• Japan (2 clues, 50%) In 1998, Japan took the longest suspension bridge record from the U.K.

Bridge Types and Engineering

The show regularly tests bridge engineering terminology:

• Suspension (2 clues, 100%) All bridges with main spans over 3,000 feet are this type. The Humber Bridge in England was once the longest single-span suspension bridge.
• Cantilever: Free-arm bridge decks built out from a central pier.
• Trusses: Cars drive over or through them; a structural framework term.
• Covered bridges: Pennsylvania has more (220) than any other state.
• Floating/Pontoon: The three longest in the U.S. are all in Washington State.
• Drawbridge: In medieval castles, raised and lowered by a windlass.
• Bascule: A movable bridge type that pivots upward.

Bridge FJ Clues

Three of the 59 Landmarks FJ clues come from the BRIDGES category: 1. Panama Canal (1987), "It's spanned by the Bridge of the Americas." 2. New Orleans (1988), "The longest bridge over the Mississippi crosses the river at this major city." 3. North Korea and China (2018), "In 1990 the Yalu River Bridge was renamed the 'Friendship Bridge' between these 2 nations."

These FJ bridge clues are geography questions; they test what the bridge connects, not the bridge itself.

Watch out: The BRIDGES category is essentially a world geography quiz. Focus on the geography (rivers, cities, countries) not just bridge names. The Peace Bridge (0%), Manhattan Bridge (0%), Cambodia (0%), and Oakland (0%) are all major stumpers. John Roebling designed both the Brooklyn and Niagara bridges; the show tests this connection.

Final Jeopardy & Study Patterns

The Numbers

Landmarks has 59 Final Jeopardy appearances, an 8.4% FJ ratio, among the highest of any topic. The FJ correct rate is only 51.7%: of 176 contestant responses, just 91 were correct and 85 wrong. Landmarks FJ clues are substantially harder than average.

FJ Repeat Answers

These landmarks have appeared as FJ answers multiple times:

FJ Theme 1: Literary Quotes About Landmarks

The show's favorite FJ pattern for Landmarks is quoting a famous writer and asking contestants to identify the landmark:

• Livingstone on Victoria Falls: "Scenes so lovely must have been gazed upon by angels in their flight"
• Tagore on the Taj Mahal: "a teardrop glistening on the cheek of time"
• Henry James on Stonehenge: "immemorial gray pillars... the enormous background of time"
• Jose Marti on the Statue of Liberty: "Luckless Irishmen, Poles, Italians... run toward the wharves"
• Joseph Strauss on the Golden Gate Bridge: "At last the mighty task is done; resplendent in the western sun"
• Senator John Sherman on the Washington Monument: "Simple in form... it rises into the skies higher than any other work of human hands"
• Gutzon Borglum on Mount Rushmore: the four presidents represent "founding, expansion, development, and preservation"

When you see a quote in a Landmarks FJ clue, identify the author first. That usually points you directly to the landmark.

FJ Theme 2: Architectural & Engineering Details

A second major FJ pattern tests construction details that go beyond tourist-level knowledge:

• The Leaning Tower of Pisa: begun in 1174, counterbalanced with 800+ tons of lead, stabilized in 2008
• Big Ben: completed 1858, was to be named "St. Stephen," nicknamed for commissioner Benjamin Hall
• The Brandenburg Gate: completed 1791, modeled on the Propylaea in Athens, closed 28 years during the Wall
• The Chrysler Building: art deco ceiling fresco by Edward Trumbull, "Transport and Human Endeavor"
• The Trevi Fountain: relief of Agrippa, Bracci's statue of Oceanus
• The Panthéon: Soufflot designed it, interred there 49 years after dying

FJ Theme 3: Historical Events Tied to Landmarks

• The Alamo: Catholic diocese sold it to Texas for $20,000 in 1883
• Plymouth Rock: first identified in 1741, split while being dragged to Liberty Pole Square in 1774
• Camp David: named "Shangri-La" in 1942, renamed in 1953 for Eisenhower's grandson
• Gibraltar: Operation Felix (1941 Nazi plan) never executed because Spain wouldn't cooperate
• The Old North Church: President Ford lit a third lantern in April 1975 for the Bicentennial
• The Berlin Wall: 96 miles total, most well-known part roughly marathon-length

FJ Theme 4: Etymology and Names

• The Taj Mahal: Persian for "crown of palaces"
• La Scala: Italian for "theater at the stairway"
• The Kremlin: not just Moscow's: Pskov and Nizhny Novgorod also have kremlins
• Scotland Yard: built on the Whitehall site of a medieval palace housing visiting Scottish kings
• Mount Rushmore: renamed after lawyer Charles E. Rushmore
• "Six Grandfathers": the Lakota name for the Mount Rushmore site

The Stumper Reference

Study Strategy

1. Memorize the FJ repeat answers. Mount Rushmore (3x), Berlin Wall (2x), Space Needle (2x), Sydney Opera House (2x), Statue of Liberty (2x), Leaning Tower of Pisa (2x), Eiffel Tower (2x), Old North Church (2x), Tower of London (2x). These nine landmarks account for 19 of 59 FJ appearances, nearly a third.

2. Learn the quotes. Livingstone, Tagore, Henry James, Marti, Strauss, Borglum. When a Landmarks FJ clue opens with a literary quotation, this is almost certainly the pattern.

3. Study the origin stories. The show loves asking who built it, when, and why, not what does it look like. Big Ben's naming, the Brandenburg Gate's Athenian model, the Eiffel Tower protest, the Taj Mahal's etymology.

4. Master bridge geography. The BRIDGES sub-category is really a world geography test. Know which rivers, cities, and countries the major bridges connect.

5. Accept the long tail. With 509 unique answers and only 40% coverage from the top 80, you will encounter unfamiliar landmarks. Use context clues: if the FJ category says "European Landmarks" and mentions a 1791 completion date, think Neoclassical architecture (Brandenburg Gate). If it quotes a 19th-century explorer, think colonial-era discoveries (Victoria Falls, Angel Falls).