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Law

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Overview

Law is one of Jeopardy!'s heavyweight topics, with 1,712 clues and 36 Final Jeopardy appearances spanning more than three decades of the show. Unlike many major topics that skew toward easier Jeopardy-round clues, Law is balanced across rounds, 46.6% of clues appear in the Jeopardy round and 51.2% in Double Jeopardy, suggesting the writers treat it as a topic that scales naturally from accessible to expert-level.

The topic breaks cleanly into three major sub-domains. The Supreme Court dominates with 250+ clues spread across categories like "THE SUPREME COURT" (122 clues), "SUPREME COURT JUSTICES" (65), and "SUPREME COURT DECISIONS" (20). Crime follows with 200+ clues in categories like "CRIME & PUNISHMENT" (97), "CRIME TIME" (56), and "CRIME" (34). Legal terminology rounds out the third pillar with 200+ clues across "LEGAL LINGO" (70), "LEGAL MATTERS" (35), "LEGAL BRIEFS" (25), and "LATIN LEGAL LINGO" (10). The umbrella categories "LAW" (206) and "THE LAW" (73) draw from all three sub-domains.

What makes Law distinctive among Jeopardy topics is its high accuracy. Contestants know this material. The vast majority of answers with five or more appearances have accuracy rates above 85%, and many hit a perfect 100%. The stumper zone is unusually thin, you'll find it mostly at the Final Jeopardy level or in clues about obscure justices like Antonin Scalia and William O. Douglas.

The gimmes: John Jay (11, 100%), Sandra Day O'Connor (10, 100%), Manslaughter (8, 100%), Murder (5, 100%), Subpoena (5, 100%), Roe v. Wade (5, 100%), Ruth Bader Ginsburg (5, 100%), Clarence Thomas (5, 100%), William Howard Taft (10 combined, 100%), Earl Warren (6, 100%), Moot court (4, 100%), Habeas corpus (4, 100%), Tort (4, 100%), Probate (4, 100%), Treason (4, 100%), Chattel (4, 100%), Oliver Wendell Holmes (4, 100%), Louis Brandeis (4, 100%), William Rehnquist (4, 100%).

The stumper zone: Antonin Scalia (4, 0% correct: nobody gets this!), William O. Douglas (3, 0% correct), diplomatic immunity (3, 33.3% correct), Nolo contendere (5, 83.3%), Libel (6, 87.5%), Pro bono (4, 75%). At the Final Jeopardy level: "verdict" etymology (0/3 correct), "copyright" as first US law (0/3 correct), Warren Burger as longest-serving 20th-century Chief Justice (0/3 correct).

Study strategy: This topic rewards systematic preparation in three distinct areas. First, learn the Supreme Court justices, especially the Chief Justices in chronological order and each justice's "signature fact" (first woman, first Black justice, etc.). Second, memorize the landmark cases and what each one decided. Third, drill the Latin legal terms, which appear with clockwork regularity. The good news is that accuracy is so high in this topic that solid preparation should yield near-perfect results in regular gameplay. The danger lies almost entirely in Final Jeopardy, where Supreme Court biography dominates and the show tests deep knowledge of individual justices' careers.


The Supreme Court

~250 clues · 90%+ correct

The Supreme Court is the single largest sub-domain within Law, and it dominates Final Jeopardy appearances as well. Roughly 20 of the topic's 36 FJ clues focus on the Court; its justices, its history, its role in American government. If you study nothing else about Law for Jeopardy, study the Supreme Court.

The Chief Justices

Knowing the Chief Justices of the United States in order is one of the highest-value investments you can make for Jeopardy. The show returns to this list again and again, both in regular play and Final Jeopardy.

John Jay (11 clues, 100% correct), The most-tested Supreme Court answer in the entire topic, and a perfect gimme. Jay was the first Chief Justice of the United States, serving from 1789 to 1795. But Jeopardy doesn't just ask about his judicial role. Clues also test that he was a co-author of the Federalist Papers (along with Hamilton and Madison), that he negotiated "Jay's Treaty" with Britain in 1794, and that a college in New York City bears his name (John Jay College of Criminal Justice). The show loves the "first Chief Justice" angle, if you hear any clue about the earliest Supreme Court, Jay is almost certainly the answer.

John Marshall (4 clues, 80% correct), The longest-serving Chief Justice in history (1801–1835), Marshall established the principle of judicial review in Marbury v. Madison. He served under six presidents. The show tests his foundational role in shaping the Court's power. At 80% accuracy, he's slightly trickier than Jay, likely because clues about Marshall tend to focus on constitutional principles rather than simple "first" or "longest" facts.

Earl Warren (6 clues, 100% correct), Another perfect-accuracy answer. Warren served as Chief Justice from 1953 to 1969, presiding over some of the most consequential decisions in American history, including Brown v. Board of Education (1954). Before joining the Court, he was Governor of California. The "Warren Court" is synonymous with judicial activism and the expansion of civil rights and civil liberties. Jeopardy clues tend to connect him to Brown v. Board or to the Warren Commission, which he chaired to investigate the assassination of President Kennedy.

William Howard Taft (10 combined clues, 100% correct); Taft is a Jeopardy favorite because of his unique dual distinction: he is the only person to have served as both President of the United States (1909–1913) and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court (1921–1930). The show asks about this fact from every conceivable angle. He reportedly said he found the Chief Justice role more satisfying than the presidency. FJ clues have tested his appointment history and his role as Chief Justice.

Warren Burger, Burger served as Chief Justice from 1969 to 1986, making him the longest-serving Chief Justice of the 20th century. This fact appeared as a Final Jeopardy clue; and nobody got it (0/3 correct). Burger is one of those answers that falls into a knowledge gap: contestants know the famous Chief Justices (Marshall, Warren, Roberts) but Burger sits in a blind spot.

William Rehnquist (4 clues, 100% correct), Rehnquist served as an Associate Justice from 1972 to 1986, then as Chief Justice from 1986 until his death in 2005. He presided over the impeachment trial of President Clinton in 1999. Final Jeopardy has tested his career, and regular clues achieve perfect accuracy.

The Landmark Associate Justices

Sandra Day O'Connor (10 clues, 100% correct), The first woman appointed to the Supreme Court (1981, by President Reagan). O'Connor is one of the topic's most reliable gimmes. She was from Arizona, graduated from Stanford Law School, and after retiring from the Court, created the iCivics educational website to teach students about government. Jeopardy clues almost always approach her through the "first woman" angle, making her nearly impossible to miss if you know that single fact.

Thurgood Marshall (8 clues, 87.5% correct), The first Black justice on the Supreme Court (1967, appointed by President Johnson). Before his appointment, Marshall served as chief counsel for the NAACP and successfully argued Brown v. Board of Education before the Court. He was replaced upon his retirement by Clarence Thomas. At 87.5% accuracy, Marshall is slightly harder than O'Connor, perhaps because clues sometimes test his pre-Court career rather than just the "first Black justice" fact.

Ruth Bader Ginsburg (5 clues, 100% correct), Known as "the Notorious RBG," Ginsburg served from 1993 until her death in 2020. She was the second woman on the Court (after O'Connor) and became a cultural icon for her dissenting opinions. Jeopardy clues about Ginsburg are recent additions to the canon and achieve perfect accuracy.

Clarence Thomas (5 clues, 100% correct), Thomas replaced Thurgood Marshall in 1991 and is known for his contentious confirmation hearings involving Anita Hill's testimony. He is one of the most conservative justices in the Court's history. The show often clues him through his connection to Marshall or through the confirmation controversy.

Oliver Wendell Holmes (4 clues, 100% correct), Holmes served from 1902 to 1932 and is famous for his judicial philosophy and memorable quotations. His opinion in Schenck v. United States (1919) established the "clear and present danger" test and produced the famous line about shouting "fire" in a crowded theater. He was known as "The Great Dissenter." Perfect accuracy in regular play.

Louis Brandeis (4 clues, 100% correct), The first Jewish justice on the Supreme Court (1916, appointed by President Wilson). Brandeis University in Waltham, Massachusetts, is named for him. He was known as "the people's attorney" for his progressive advocacy before joining the Court. Final Jeopardy has tested his biography, and those clues run harder (1/3 correct in one appearance).

Watch out: Antonin Scalia (4 clues, 0% correct) is the single biggest stumper in the entire Law topic. Despite being one of the most prominent justices of the modern era, known for his originalist philosophy, sharp wit, and friendship with Ginsburg, contestants cannot recall his name when clued. This is a stunning 0% accuracy rate across four appearances. Similarly, William O. Douglas (3 clues, 0% correct), who served the longest term of any justice in history (36 years, 1939–1975), is another complete stumper. Both of these are high-value study targets precisely because other contestants will miss them.


Landmark Cases

~80 clues · 85%+ correct

Supreme Court decisions form a distinct sub-category within Law, with their own dedicated category ("SUPREME COURT DECISIONS," 20 clues) and frequent appearances across general Law and Supreme Court categories. The show tests both the holdings of major cases and the biographical details surrounding them, who argued them, who wrote the opinions, what constitutional principles they established.

The Most-Tested Cases

Roe v. Wade (5 clues, 100% correct), The 1973 decision establishing a constitutional right to abortion is a perfect gimme. Jeopardy approaches it from multiple angles: the year (1973), the author of the majority opinion (Justice Harry Blackmun), the real name of "Jane Roe" (Norma McCorvey), and the trimester framework the Court established. Despite the political sensitivity, this is purely factual on the show and contestants never miss it.

Bush v. Gore (4 clues, ~75% correct), The 2000 decision that effectively decided the presidential election by halting the Florida recount. Regular clues tend to be direct, but this case appeared as a Final Jeopardy clue with only 1 of 3 contestants answering correctly; the FJ version likely required deeper knowledge of the legal reasoning or the specific vote count (5–4).

Marbury v. Madison (3 clues, 50% correct), The 1803 case that established the principle of judicial review, the power of the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional. This is arguably the most important case in American constitutional law, yet contestants only get it right half the time. The difficulty likely comes from clues that test the details: Chief Justice John Marshall wrote the opinion, William Marbury was a "midnight judge" appointed by President Adams, and James Madison was Jefferson's Secretary of State who refused to deliver the commission. This case has appeared in Final Jeopardy three times with all three contestants answering correctly, suggesting the FJ versions may be more direct "name this case" clues.

Brown v. Board of Education (3 clues), The 1954 decision that declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional, overturning Plessy v. Ferguson (1896). Chief Justice Earl Warren wrote the unanimous opinion. Thurgood Marshall argued the case for the plaintiffs. The "Board of Education" in the case name refers to the Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas.

Dred Scott v. Sandford (3 clues), The 1857 decision that held that Black Americans could not be citizens and that Congress could not prohibit slavery in the territories. Chief Justice Roger Taney wrote the majority opinion. Widely regarded as the worst Supreme Court decision in history, it helped precipitate the Civil War. This case has appeared twice in Final Jeopardy.

Other Cases to Know

Miranda v. Arizona, The 1966 decision requiring police to inform suspects of their rights before interrogation ("You have the right to remain an attorney..."). Chief Justice Warren wrote the opinion. The "Miranda warning" or "Miranda rights" are among the most culturally familiar legal concepts in America, thanks largely to television police dramas.

Plessy v. Ferguson, The 1896 decision that established the "separate but equal" doctrine, permitting racial segregation. Justice John Marshall Harlan was the lone dissenter, writing that "the Constitution is color-blind." Overturned by Brown v. Board of Education in 1954.

Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, The 2010 decision that held that corporate political spending is protected by the First Amendment. This case is more recent and tests whether contestants follow contemporary legal developments.

How Cases Are Clued

The show uses several reliable patterns for case clues:

  1. "Name this case", The clue describes the holding or facts and asks for the case name. This is the most common format.
  2. "What did this case decide?", The clue names the case and asks what principle it established.
  3. "Who argued/decided this case?", Tests the lawyers or justices involved.
  4. "What case overturned...?", Tests the relationship between cases (Brown overturned Plessy, etc.).
  5. "In what year...?", Tests the date of landmark decisions. Key dates: 1803 (Marbury), 1857 (Dred Scott), 1896 (Plessy), 1954 (Brown), 1966 (Miranda), 1973 (Roe).

Watch out: The cases that trip contestants up tend to be ones where the case name alone isn't famous enough to be a household word. Marbury v. Madison at 50% accuracy in regular play is the prime example, everyone knows "judicial review" as a concept, but connecting it to the specific case name and its details is where contestants falter. In Final Jeopardy, Bush v. Gore (1/3 correct) proves that even recent, politically charged cases can be stumpers when the clue demands specific legal details rather than just the case name.


~200 clues · 92%+ correct

Legal terminology is the third major pillar of the Law topic, and it's the area where Jeopardy most rewards raw vocabulary. The show's dedicated categories, "LEGAL LINGO" (70 clues), "LEGAL MATTERS" (35), "LEGAL BRIEFS" (25), and "LATIN LEGAL LINGO" (10), test a blend of English legal terms, Latin phrases, and procedural concepts. Accuracy is extremely high across the board, making this a reliable scoring area for prepared contestants.

The Latin Terms

Latin is the language of law, and Jeopardy exploits this connection relentlessly. These are the terms that appear most often:

Habeas corpus (4 clues, 100% correct), Latin for "you shall have the body." A writ requiring a person under arrest to be brought before a judge to determine whether the detention is lawful. One of the oldest and most fundamental legal protections in English common law, dating back to the Magna Carta. The Constitution specifically addresses it in Article I, Section 9.

Nolo contendere (5 clues, 83.3% correct), Latin for "I will not contest it." A plea in criminal court where the defendant neither admits nor denies guilt but accepts punishment. Distinguished from a guilty plea because it cannot be used as an admission of guilt in a subsequent civil lawsuit. At 83.3%, this is one of the few legal terms where accuracy dips below 90%, the full Latin phrase is apparently harder to recall than its meaning.

Pro bono (4 clues, 75% correct), Short for "pro bono publico," meaning "for the public good." Refers to legal work performed free of charge. At 75%, this is surprisingly tricky, contestants may know the concept but stumble on the exact Latin phrase, or vice versa.

Subpoena (5 clues, 100% correct), From the Latin "sub poena," meaning "under penalty." A writ ordering a person to attend court. The term "subpoena duces tecum" (bring with you) orders the production of documents.

Other Latin terms to know: Amicus curiae (friend of the court, a brief filed by a non-party), res judicata (a matter already judged), stare decisis (to stand by things decided; the principle of precedent), voir dire (jury selection process, from Old French), corpus delicti (body of the crime).

Criminal Law Terms

Manslaughter (8 clues, 100% correct), The killing of a person without malice aforethought or premeditation. Distinguished from murder by the absence of intent. Comes in two varieties: voluntary (heat of passion) and involuntary (criminal negligence). A perfect gimme; the show typically clues it as "killing without malice or premeditation" or by contrasting it with murder.

Murder (5 clues, 100% correct), The unlawful killing of a person with malice aforethought. First-degree murder requires premeditation; second-degree murder involves intent but not planning.

Treason (4 clues, 100% correct), The only crime specifically defined in the U.S. Constitution (Article III, Section 3): "levying War against [the United States], or in adhering to their Enemies, giving them Aid and Comfort." Requires the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or a confession in open court. Benedict Arnold is the most famous American associated with treason, though he was never tried for it.

Arson (7 clues, 87.5% correct), The malicious burning of property, especially a dwelling. Often clued through insurance fraud contexts or by asking for the legal term for deliberately setting a fire. At 87.5%, slightly trickier than the other criminal terms.

Civil Law Terms

Tort (4 clues, 100% correct), A civil wrong that causes harm and creates legal liability. The word comes from the Latin "tortum" (twisted). Types include negligence, defamation, and trespass. "Tort reform" refers to efforts to limit civil lawsuit damages.

Libel (6 clues, 87.5% correct), Written defamation, as distinguished from slander (spoken defamation). The mnemonic: libel is letters, slander is speech. At 87.5%, this is slightly harder than you'd expect, probably because contestants sometimes confuse libel and slander or can't recall which is which under pressure.

Chattel (4 clues, 100% correct), Movable personal property, as distinguished from real property (land). The word shares its etymological root with "cattle," reflecting an era when livestock was the primary form of movable wealth.

Probate (4 clues, 100% correct), The legal process of validating a will and administering a deceased person's estate. A "probate court" handles these matters. The word comes from the Latin "probare" (to prove).

Procedural & Court Terms

Moot court (4 clues, 100% correct), A simulated court proceeding in which law students argue hypothetical cases, typically appellate arguments. Distinguished from mock trial, which simulates a trial court proceeding. The word "moot" itself means debatable or academic, a "moot point" is one that is open to argument or has no practical significance.

Other procedural terms to know: Arraignment (a suspect's first court appearance to hear charges and enter a plea), indictment (a formal charge by a grand jury), deposition (sworn out-of-court testimony), injunction (a court order to do or stop doing something), writ (a formal written order), brief (a written legal argument), precedent (a prior decision that guides future cases).

Watch out: The Latin terms are where contestants are most likely to stumble. Nolo contendere at 83.3% and pro bono at 75% are the two weakest performers among frequently tested legal terms. The issue isn't conceptual understanding but precise recall of the Latin phrasing. If a clue says "this Latin legal term means 'I will not contest it,'" you need the exact phrase, not a paraphrase. Drill these as vocabulary flashcards.


Crime & Punishment

~200 clues · 88%+ correct

Crime is the most narratively rich sub-domain within Law. While the Supreme Court and Legal Terminology sections test knowledge of institutions and vocabulary, the Crime categories, "CRIME & PUNISHMENT" (97 clues), "CRIME TIME" (56), "CRIME" (34), and "OUTLAWS" (20), test a blend of criminal law definitions, famous criminals, law enforcement history, and punishment terminology. The show loves the intersection of crime and culture.

Famous Criminals

John Dillinger (4 clues), The Depression-era bank robber who was named "Public Enemy No. 1" by the FBI. He was shot and killed by federal agents outside the Biograph Theater in Chicago on July 22, 1934. The "Lady in Red" (Anna Sage) reportedly tipped off the FBI. Dillinger had escaped from the Crown Point, Indiana, jail using what he claimed was a wooden gun. The show tests both his criminal career and his dramatic death.

Al Capone (3 clues), The most famous gangster of the Prohibition era, Capone controlled organized crime in Chicago during the 1920s. He was ultimately convicted not of murder or racketeering but of tax evasion in 1931 and was sentenced to 11 years in federal prison. He served time at Alcatraz. His nickname was "Scarface." The show loves the irony of the tax evasion conviction, America's most notorious mobster brought down by the IRS.

Other criminals to know: Bonnie and Clyde (Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow, killed in a 1934 ambush in Louisiana), Jesse James (shot by Robert Ford in 1882), Billy the Kid (killed by Pat Garrett), D.B. Cooper (the only unsolved hijacking in U.S. history), Ted Kaczynski (the Unabomber).

Crime Categories and Definitions

The show frequently tests the legal definitions and classifications of crimes:

  • Felony vs. misdemeanor: Felonies are serious crimes (murder, robbery, arson) typically punishable by more than one year in prison. Misdemeanors are lesser offenses (petty theft, minor assault) punishable by less than one year.
  • Degrees of crime: First-degree murder (premeditated), second-degree murder (intentional but not premeditated), manslaughter (no malice). Arson and burglary also come in degrees.
  • Larceny: The legal term for theft. Grand larceny involves property above a certain value threshold; petit (or petty) larceny is below it.
  • Burglary vs. robbery: Burglary is unlawful entry into a building with intent to commit a crime (doesn't require confrontation). Robbery is theft involving force or threat of force against a person.
  • Embezzlement: Theft by someone entrusted with another's property or money (an employee stealing from an employer, a treasurer stealing from a fund).

Law Enforcement

Fingerprints (4 clues), The show tests the history of fingerprinting as a law enforcement tool. Scotland Yard adopted fingerprinting in 1901. The FBI maintains the world's largest fingerprint database. No two people have ever been found to have identical fingerprints (including identical twins). Sir Francis Galton published the first detailed study of fingerprints in 1892.

Other law enforcement facts: The FBI was founded in 1908 (originally the Bureau of Investigation). J. Edgar Hoover directed it from 1924 to 1972. Interpol (International Criminal Police Organization) is headquartered in Lyon, France. Scotland Yard is the headquarters of London's Metropolitan Police, named for a street where the original building stood.

Punishment Terminology

  • Capital punishment: Punishment by death. The term comes from the Latin "capitalis" (relating to the head). The Supreme Court temporarily halted all executions in Furman v. Georgia (1972) and allowed them to resume in Gregg v. Georgia (1976).
  • Parole: Conditional release from prison before the completion of a sentence. Distinguished from probation (supervised release instead of imprisonment).
  • Statute of limitations: The time period within which legal proceedings must be initiated. Murder typically has no statute of limitations.
  • Double jeopardy: The Fifth Amendment prohibition against being tried twice for the same offense. (The show occasionally enjoys the self-referential irony of this term appearing on Jeopardy!)

Watch out: Crime clues tend to be more accessible than other Law sub-domains, but the show occasionally reaches for obscure criminals or punishment terms. Diplomatic immunity (3 clues, 33.3% correct) is a major stumper in this area, contestants know the concept from movies but struggle to produce the exact term. The intersection of crime and international law (extradition, diplomatic immunity, war crimes tribunals) is a reliable source of difficulty.


Final Jeopardy & Study Patterns

36 FJ clues

Law has appeared 36 times in Final Jeopardy, making it one of the more frequently tested FJ topics. The distribution of those 36 clues reveals a striking pattern: Supreme Court biography dominates Final Jeopardy to an overwhelming degree, accounting for roughly 20 of the 36 appearances. If you're preparing for a Law FJ, prepare for the Supreme Court.

FJ Theme: Chief Justices

The Chief Justices of the United States are the single most productive source of Law FJ clues:

  • John Marshall: Established judicial review; longest-serving Chief Justice. FJ tested.
  • William Howard Taft: Only person to serve as both President and Chief Justice. Multiple FJ appearances.
  • Earl Warren: Presided over Brown v. Board of Education; chaired the Warren Commission. FJ tested.
  • Warren Burger: Longest-serving Chief Justice of the 20th century (1969–1986). FJ answer, 0/3 correct. A major blind spot.
  • Charles Evans Hughes: Served as Chief Justice (1930–1941); previously ran for president against Woodrow Wilson in 1916 (lost by 23 electoral votes). FJ tested.
  • William Rehnquist: Presided over Clinton's impeachment trial. FJ tested (1/3 correct in one appearance).

The complete list of Chief Justices (essential knowledge): John Jay (1789), John Rutledge (1795), Oliver Ellsworth (1796), John Marshall (1801), Roger B. Taney (1836), Salmon P. Chase (1864), Morrison Waite (1874), Melville Fuller (1888), Edward Douglass White (1910), William Howard Taft (1921), Charles Evans Hughes (1930), Harlan Fiske Stone (1941), Fred Vinson (1946), Earl Warren (1953), Warren Burger (1969), William Rehnquist (1986), John Roberts (2005).

FJ Theme: Notable Associate Justices

After Chief Justices, individual Associate Justices are the next most common FJ subject:

  • Thurgood Marshall: First Black justice; NAACP counsel who argued Brown v. Board. FJ tested.
  • Antonin Scalia: Conservative originalist; known for sharp dissents and friendship with Ginsburg. FJ tested.
  • Clarence Thomas: Replaced Thurgood Marshall; contentious confirmation hearings. FJ tested.
  • David Souter: Appointed by George H.W. Bush as a presumed conservative, became reliably liberal. FJ tested.
  • Sandra Day O'Connor: First woman on the Court (1981). FJ tested.
  • Ruth Bader Ginsburg: "Notorious RBG"; second woman on the Court. FJ tested.
  • Louis Brandeis: First Jewish justice (1916). FJ tested (1/3 correct).
  • William O. Douglas: Longest-serving justice (36 years). FJ tested.
  • Oliver Wendell Holmes: "The Great Dissenter"; "clear and present danger." FJ tested.

FJ Theme: Presidential Appointments

The connection between presidents and their Supreme Court appointments is a reliable FJ angle:

  • Jimmy Carter: The only modern president who made zero Supreme Court appointments during his entire term. FJ tested.
  • Dwight Eisenhower: Appointed Earl Warren and William Brennan; later said Warren was "the biggest damn fool mistake I ever made." FJ tested.
  • William Howard Taft: Appointed six justices during his presidency, then became Chief Justice himself. FJ tested.
  • Brett Kavanaugh: The clue connected President Kennedy's legacy to Justice Kennedy's retirement and Kavanaugh's appointment. FJ tested (1/3 correct).

FJ Theme: Landmark Cases

Cases appear less frequently in FJ than justices, but when they do, they demand specific knowledge:

  • Marbury v. Madison: Established judicial review (1803). 3 FJ appearances, all 3 correct. Surprisingly, this is easier in FJ format (where you have time to think) than in regular play (50% accuracy).
  • Dred Scott v. Sandford: Denied citizenship to Black Americans (1857). 2 FJ appearances.
  • Bush v. Gore: Decided the 2000 presidential election. 1 FJ appearance (1/3 correct).

The Complete Stumper Reference

Answer Accuracy What trips contestants up
Antonin Scalia 0% (0/4) Modern justice, contestants know his philosophy but can't recall the name under pressure
William O. Douglas 0% (0/3) Longest-serving justice, obscured by more famous names
Diplomatic immunity 33% (1/3) Know it from movies, can't produce the legal term
Marbury v. Madison 50% (regular play) Connecting "judicial review" to the case name and details
Pro bono 75% (3/4) Latin phrase recall, contestants paraphrase instead
Nolo contendere 83% (5/6) Full Latin phrase is hard to recall precisely
Libel 87.5% (7/8) Confused with slander, which is written, which is spoken?
Arson 87.5% (7/8) Occasionally missed when clued indirectly
Thurgood Marshall 87.5% (7/8) Pre-Court career clues are harder than "first Black justice"
Warren Burger (FJ) 0% (0/3) "Longest-serving 20th-century Chief Justice" total blind spot
"Verdict" etymology (FJ) 0% (0/3) From Latin "veredictum" (truly said), obscure etymology
"Copyright" first US law (FJ) 0% (0/3) First US copyright law was 1790, niche legal history

Study Strategy: The Three Pillars

Pillar 1: Supreme Court Mastery. Memorize the 17 Chief Justices in order with their start years. For each, know their most famous decision or contribution. Then learn the "signature facts" for the major Associate Justices: first woman (O'Connor, 1981), first Black justice (Marshall, 1967), first Jewish justice (Brandeis, 1916), longest-serving (Douglas, 36 years), and the major modern justices (Scalia, Thomas, Ginsburg, Souter). Pay special attention to Scalia and Douglas, their 0% accuracy rates mean that knowing them gives you an edge no other contestant will have.

Pillar 2: Landmark Cases. Know the "big ten" cases: Marbury v. Madison (1803, judicial review), Dred Scott (1857, citizenship), Plessy v. Ferguson (1896, separate but equal), Brown v. Board (1954, desegregation), Miranda v. Arizona (1966, right to remain silent), Roe v. Wade (1973, abortion), Furman v. Georgia (1972, death penalty halt), Gregg v. Georgia (1976, death penalty resumed), Bush v. Gore (2000, election), and Citizens United (2010, corporate speech). For each, know the year, the holding, and the Chief Justice who presided.

Pillar 3: Latin Legal Vocabulary. Drill these as flashcards: habeas corpus (produce the body), nolo contendere (I will not contest), pro bono (for the public good), subpoena (under penalty), amicus curiae (friend of the court), res judicata (a matter judged), stare decisis (stand by decisions), voir dire (jury selection), corpus delicti (body of the crime), mens rea (guilty mind), actus reus (guilty act). The Latin terms appear with reliable frequency, and since accuracy is generally high, mastering them ensures you won't be the contestant who misses an otherwise-easy clue.

Final Jeopardy preparation: If the FJ category is anything related to Law, the Supreme Court, or the Constitution, your first instinct should be to think about justices. Twenty of 36 Law FJ clues are about Supreme Court biography. If the clue mentions a state, think about which justice came from there. If it mentions a president, think about whom that president appointed. If it mentions a date range, think about which Chief Justice served during that era. The biographical details of the justices, where they went to law school, what they did before the Court, what cases they're known for, who appointed them, are the core curriculum for Law Final Jeopardy.

Gimme Answers

top 50

Memorize these and recognize 14.4% of all Law clues.

#AnswerCountSample Clue
1 Thurgood Marshall 14 Clarence Thomas replaced this Supreme Court justice who retired in 1991
2 William Howard Taft 13 In 1921 he replaced fellow heavyweight Edward D. White, whom he had appointed Chief Justice in 1910
3 Sandra Day O'Connor 12 She married John in 1952, 29 years before Reagan appointed her to the Supreme Court
4 John Jay 11 He was New York's first chief justice before he became the first chief justice of the U.S.
5 Earl Warren 10 Rabbit breeding place
6 Antonin Scalia 9 This late justice said personally he'd jail "weirdos" who burn the flag, but sided with a 1989 decision that it's free speech
7 manslaughter 8 Jack McCoy offers you a deal for pleading guilty to Man 1; Man is short for this
8 Harvard 7 Alan Dershowitz is the Felix Frankfurter Professor of Law at this Cambridge, Mass. university
9 William Rehnquist 7 Chief Justice John Roberts served as a law clerk for this man, his predecessor
10 Clarence Thomas 7 He served as assistant attorney general of Missouri under John C. Danforth from 1974 to 1977
11 Pro Bono 6 Literally "for the good", it refers to a case taken by an attorney free of charge
12 Nolo Contendere 6 This phrase isn't necessarily an admission of guilt; it simply means "I do not contest it"
13 libel 6 Spoken defamation of another is slander; this is written defamation
14 arson 6 In the 2nd degree, it's generally the burning of buildings other than dwellings
15 Ronald Reagan 6 The first female U.S. Supreme Court justice, Sandra Day O'Connor, was appointed by this president
16 Richard Nixon 6 William Rehnquist (as associate justice)
17 Louis Brandeis 6 Born to immigrant parents, in 1916 he was the 1st Supreme Court nominee to undergo public Senate confirmation hearings
18 a tort 6 From the Latin for "twist", it's a civil wrong or injury that doesn't involve a contract
19 a jury 6 These can be grand, petit or hung
20 Ruth Bader Ginsburg 5 Tied for first in her Columbia law class in 1959
21 Roe v. Wade 5 ( Retired Justice Sandra Day O'Connor gives the clue.) In Planned Parenthood v. Casey, an opinion I wrote with 2 other justices applied stare decisis,...
22 murder 5 It's the crime in Dostoyevsky's "Crime and Punishment"
23 habeas corpus 5 "Latin, meaning 'you have the body"'
24 a subpoena 5 While a summons asks nicely, this demands your appearance in court
25 a will 5 It's the document that goes through probate
26 John Dillinger 5 On March 3, 1934 this Public Enemy escaped from Lake County Jail in Crown Point, Ind., allegedly using a wooden gun
27 Ernesto Miranda 5 Earl Warren ruled on this man's case that a suspect must be warned prior to questioning that he can stay silent
28 treason 4 Richard III was killed at Bosworth Field shouting, this crime! This crime!
29 probate 4 Court hearing to determine if the will will or the will won't be declared bona fide
30 Oliver Wendell Holmes 4 "The Great Dissenter", he was son & namesake of poet who wrote "Old Ironsides"
31 moot court 4 Truly law practice, as it's used in law schools, this fictitious "court" is held to argue hypothetical appellate cases
32 John Marshall 4 This man was chief justice in 1803 when the Supreme Court decided the landmark case Marbury v. Madison
33 fingerprints 4 Hanged in 1912, Thomas Jennings was the USA's first criminal convicted using this evidence unique to each of us
34 discovery 4 Also the "Deadliest Catch" TV channel: "procedures used to obtain disclosure of evidence before trial"
35 chattel 4 The word "cattle" evolved from this similar-sounding word that now means all movable personal property
36 Bush v. Gore 4 It was the legal name of the December 2000 Supreme Court case to decide who would become president
37 a warrant 4 It's an order for the arrest of a person issued by a judge
38 Felix Frankfurter 4 Hot-dogged it as a Harvard law prof from 1914 to 1939
39 an arraignment 4 Court session when a prisoner hears charges against him & enters plea
40 William O. Douglas 3 He's seen here near the beginning&near the endof his time on the Court—the longest of any justice in history
41 venue 3 In order to get a more objective trial, ask for a "change of" this to seek to have a case heard in a new jurisdiction
42 Thomas Jefferson 3 The man who shot Alexander Hamilton in a duel was vice president under this man
43 the Bar 3 This association is "an organization of members of the legal profession", & it's time for you to pass it
44 Separate but equal 3 3-word principle established in 1896; overturned in Brown V. Board of Education of Topeka
45 Plaintiff 3 Also called the complainant, it's the person bringing a civil suit
46 perjury 3 Lying under oath
47 misdemeanors 3 Under federal law nearly all offenses other than felonies are classified as these
48 Marbury v. Madison 3 This battle of M's in John Marshall's Supreme Court was the first time an act of Congress was declared unconstitutional
49 Louisiana 3 Across this state, from Westwego to Thibodaux, you cannot legally gargle in public
50 John Paul Stevens 3 JPS

Sub-Areas

191
answers to learn
7 Must-Know
34 Should-Know
150 Worth Knowing

Must-Know Answers

These appear 8+ times. Memorize these first.

Thurgood Marshall 14 William Howard Taft 13 Sandra Day O'Connor 12 John Jay 11 Earl Warren 10 Antonin Scalia 9 manslaughter 8

Answers by Category

Jump to: General

General

191 answers | 583 clues
Must-Know (7)
Thurgood Marshall 14x $846 avg J:1 DJ:12 FJ:1
DJ $400 1991 For about a month in 1801, he was both Chief Justice & Secretary of State
DJ $800 2017 One of the Supreme Court building dining rooms is named for this chief justice who served from 1801 to 1835
DJ $1,200 DD 1995 On Jan. 20, 1801 John Adams nominated him to replace Chief Justice Oliver Ellsworth, who had resigned
William Howard Taft 13x 10.0% stumper $700 avg J:3 DJ:7 FJ:3
DJ $400 2012 In 1921 he replaced fellow heavyweight Edward D. White, whom he had appointed Chief Justice in 1910
J $600 2015 WHT
J $1,000 2003 Edward White was nominated as chief justice by this president who later replaced him on the court
Sandra Day O'Connor 12x $433 avg J:3 DJ:9
DJ $400 2010 She married John in 1952, 29 years before Reagan appointed her to the Supreme Court
DJ $600 1994 She was a lawyer for the U.S. Army from 1954 to 1957
J $1,600 DD 2023 In 1973 became the Arizona Senate Majority Leader
John Jay 11x $1,036 avg J:1 DJ:10
DJ $400 2003 His first decision as the first Chief Justice was probably which chair was his
J $600 2008 Until his nomination was rejected, John Rutledge briefly succeeded this first chief justice
DJ $1,000 DD 2024 A college on West 59th Street in Manhattan is named for this man
Earl Warren 10x $780 avg J:2 DJ:8
DJ $200 1999 The commission that investigated JFK's assassination was chaired by & named for this chief justice
DJ $800 1986 Name in common to the last 2 Chief Justices
DJ $900 DD 2000 1953-1969
Antonin Scalia 9x 37.5% stumper $850 avg DJ:8 FJ:1
DJ $400 1989 He's the first Italian-American appointed to the Supreme Court
DJ $800 2024 In 1986, weeks after becoming a justice, he received an award from the National Italian American Foundation
DJ $1,200 2012 A Reagan appointee, he has the most children of any justice on the current court with 9
manslaughter 8x $625 avg J:5 DJ:3
J $200 2018 Jack McCoy offers you a deal for pleading guilty to Man 1; Man is short for this
J $600 2019 Yeah, there was no intention to kill or do grievous bodily harm, so we'll plead to this "2", the negligent or involuntary type
J $1,700 DD 1993 This is the unlawful killing of a human being without malice or premeditation
Should-Know (34)
Harvard 7x $371 avg J:4 DJ:3
J $200 2014 Maybe this oldest Ivy League law school can teach you to beat a ticket if you illegally pahk ya cah in its yahd
DJ $800 2004 In 1817 the first U.S. university law school was established near the Charles River at this school
J $200 2008 ( Judge Hatchett delivers the clue from her TV courtroom.) In the 1870s this Ivy League school pioneered the case method of teaching law, which is still used today
William Rehnquist 7x $500 avg DJ:6 FJ:1
DJ $200 2000 1986-today
DJ $600 1994 Antonin Scalia was appointed to the court when this man was promoted to Chief Justice
DJ $1,200 2014 Chief Justice John Roberts served as a law clerk for this man, his predecessor
Clarence Thomas 7x $600 avg J:2 DJ:3 FJ:2
DJ $400 1996 Before Bush appointed him to the court, he was Assistant Secretary of Education for Civil Rights
DJ $600 1993 He told People magazine that his 1991 confirmation hearings were "brutal, just brutal"
J $1,000 2009 In 1991, the Senate Judiciary Committee deadlocked 7-7 on his nomination, but sent it to the full Senate
Pro Bono 6x 16.7% stumper $683 avg J:2 DJ:4
J $300 1996 Literally "for the good", it refers to a case taken by an attorney free of charge
J $600 2014 Tulane was the USA's first law school to require this Latin-named work as a condition of graduation
DJ $1,000 1988 In some states lawyers are required to spend some time doing volunteer work, which is called this
Nolo Contendere 6x $800 avg J:3 DJ:3
J $100 1987 "I will not contest it"
J $500 1992 This plea of not admitting to or denying the charges may only be given with the court's approval
DJ $1,600 2004 In the plea known by this 2-word Latin phrase, the defendant doesn't admit or deny the charges
libel 6x $400 avg J:4 DJ:2
J $200 2020 Spoken defamation of another is slander; this is written defamation
DJ $1,200 2013 Expanding press freedom, the court rejected a charge of this in 1964 after a newspaper ad criticized Alabama officials
J $200 2019 Defamatory statement in a fixed medium like writing
arson 6x $383 avg J:5 DJ:1
J $100 1993 It's the malicious burning of a property, perhaps to collect the insurance
DJ $600 1992 New York has divided this crime into degrees based on time of day & dollar value burned
J $200 2019 In early law, this wasn't a crime if it was to your own house; now, burning your place for insurance is a no-no
a subpoena 6x $480 avg J:2 DJ:3 FJ:1
DJ $200 1990 Derived from the Latin for "under penalty", this is a legal notice to appear in court as a witness
DJ $1,000 1984 While a summons asks nicely, this demands your appearance in court
FJ 2005 In 1999 Britain replaced Latin legal terms with English ones; "witness summons" replaced this word
Ronald Reagan 6x $833 avg J:2 DJ:4
DJ $200 1994 Sandra Day O'Connor, Antonin Scalia, Anthony M. Kennedy
DJ $800 1999 The first female U.S. Supreme Court justice, Sandra Day O'Connor, was appointed by this president
DJ $2,200 DD 2004 Antonin Scalia
Richard Nixon 6x 16.7% stumper $833 avg J:1 DJ:5
DJ $600 1995 In a 1974 case, the United States v. this man, the Supreme Court ruled on executive privilege
J $1,000 2025 Choosing who would be a future Chief Justice in William Rehnquist
DJ $600 1989 This president originally appointed Rehnquist to the Court as an associate justice
Louis Brandeis 6x 20.0% stumper $2,400 avg J:1 DJ:4 FJ:1
J $1,000 2008 A private university in Waltham, Mass. is named for this Jewish justice who served from 1916 to 1939
FJ 2024 Born to immigrant parents, in 1916 he was the 1st Supreme Court nominee to undergo public Senate confirmation hearings
DJ $6,000 DD 1995 The Waltham, Massachusetts university named for him was founded in 1948, 7 years after is death
a tort 6x $1,150 avg J:4 DJ:2
J $800 2019 This word for a civil wrong is a homophone for a rich cake
DJ $1,400 DD 2009 ( I'm legal analyst Nancy Grace.) From the Latin for "twisted", it's the branch of civil law dealing with injuries to one's body, property, business, reputation or privacy
J $600 2012 This 4-letter word means a civil wrong; add an "E" to the end & it becomes a rich cake
a jury 6x $233 avg J:4 DJ:2
J $100 1992 When one of these is hung, it may receive a dynamite instruction
DJ $600 1995 Originally it was a group of witnesses or people acquainted with the facts of the case who served on it
J $200 2017 Connecticut's rules for this group of 12 say don't look up any words you hear in court in a dictionary
Ruth Bader Ginsburg 5x $320 avg J:3 DJ:2
J $200 2015 (The Notorious) RBG
DJ $200 2000 She's 1 of 2 Clinton appointees
J $400 2023 Tied for first in her Columbia law class in 1959
Roe v. Wade 5x $1,440 avg DJ:5
DJ $400 2018 Norma McCorvey used an alias to protect her identity as the plaintiff in this big case, decided Jan. 22, 1973
DJ $600 1992 Justice Harry Blackmun wrote the majority decision in this landmark 1973 abortion case
DJ $5,000 DD 2004 Harry Blackmun's initial opinion in this 1973 case said the law was too vague; then he came up with a right to privacy
murder 5x $320 avg J:2 DJ:3
J $200 1986 The crime which brought Raskolnikov punishment in Dostoyevsky's "Crime & Punishment"
DJ $200 1985 It's measured in degrees, all of which are deadly
J $400 2019 A novelist who penned an essay on how to do this to your husband got arrested for allegedly doing it to her husband
habeas corpus 5x 20.0% stumper $500 avg J:2 DJ:3
J $100 1996 It's a writ "to produce the body" of the detained before the court
DJ $600 1985 Latin for "you shall have the body", its application protects against illegal imprisonment
J $200 2025 "Latin, meaning 'you have the body"'
a will 5x $200 avg J:3 DJ:2
J $100 1997 To die intestate is to die without having made one of these
J $100 1989 A person who died intestate didn't leave one of these
DJ $200 1996 Probate is the legal procedure by which one of these documents is proven valid or invalid
John Dillinger 5x $520 avg J:5
J $300 1986 J. Edgar Hoover kept this "Public Enemy's" death mask in his own office
J $800 2016 In 1934 this notorious criminal escaped from a jail in Crown Point, Indiana by using a fake gun carved from wood
J $400 2021 "Woman in Red" Anna Sage actually wore an orange skirt as this gangster was killed in 1934; hope going to that movie was worth it!
Ernesto Miranda 5x $525 avg J:1 DJ:3 FJ:1
DJ $400 1985 As a result of this 1966 Supreme Court case, police now inform suspects of their rights upon arrest
DJ $1,000 1989 The ruling in his favor read "...the person must be warned that he has the right to remain silent"
FJ 2018 In the 1966 case of this man, Earl Warren wrote of eliminating "evils in the interrogation process"
an arraignment 5x 20.0% stumper $880 avg J:1 DJ:4
DJ $600 1985 Court session when a prisoner hears charges against him & enters plea
DJ $1,200 2022 The first appearance before a judge of a person charged with a crime is this hearing
DJ $800 1992 Process in which a prisoner answers the accusations put forth in an indictment & enters a plea
treason 4x 25.0% stumper $1,050 avg J:2 DJ:2
J $600 2009 According to the Constitution, it's levying war against the U.S. or aiding & comforting the enemy
DJ $2,000 2012 Richard III was killed at Bosworth Field shouting, this crime! This crime!
J $800 2003 Under English law, having relations with the King's wife (if you're not the King) constitutes this crime
probate 4x $675 avg J:2 DJ:2
J $300 1988 Term for the act or process of proving a will in court
DJ $1,000 1994 This court has the ways to handle wills
J $400 1987 Procedure a will goes through to prove its validity
Oliver Wendell Holmes 4x $667 avg J:1 DJ:2 FJ:1
J $400 2015 OWH Jr.
DJ $600 1986 "The Great Dissenter", he was son & namesake of poet who wrote "Old Ironsides"
DJ $1,000 1991 In 1919 he said a person's right to speak may be limited if the words "create a clear and present danger"
moot court 4x $700 avg J:2 DJ:2
J $400 1990 In this type of law school "court", 2 teams of students take opposing sides of an imaginary case
DJ $800 2018 Truly law practice, as it's used in law schools, this fictitious "court" is held to argue hypothetical appellate cases
DJ $800 2014 In this type of mock law school "court", 2 teams of students practice an imaginary case
John Marshall 4x 25.0% stumper $500 avg J:1 DJ:3
DJ $400 2000 1801-1835
DJ $800 2003 Famed justice seen here; no relation to Thurgood
DJ $400 1999 This man was chief justice in 1803 when the Supreme Court decided the landmark case Marbury v. Madison
fingerprints 4x $475 avg J:4
J $200 2002 In the 1890's British police in Bengal, India were the first to use these "digital" impressions to identify criminals
J $600 2016 The first criminal caught via the use of these was murderer Francisca Rojas in Argentina in 1892
J $300 1989 Scotland Yard viewed them as foolproof evidence as early as 1910
discovery 4x 25.0% stumper $750 avg J:2 DJ:2
J $400 2025 Also the "Deadliest Catch" TV channel: "procedures used to obtain disclosure of evidence before trial"
J $600 2019 It's the pre-trial procedure in which each side "finds" out about the other's witnesses & evidence
DJ $1,200 2024 Alec Baldwin's "Rust" manslaughter trial ended because the prosecution botched this process of showing evidence to the other side
chattel 4x $900 avg J:2 DJ:2
J $800 2013 The word "cattle" evolved from this similar-sounding word that now means all movable personal property
J $1,000 2005 This word for all your personal property shares its roots with "cattle"
DJ $800 1985 Once applied to slaves, it's the general legal term for items of personal property
Bush v. Gore 4x $1,400 avg DJ:3 FJ:1
DJ $400 2005 It was the legal name of the December 2000 Supreme Court case to decide who would become president
DJ $1,200 2018 This case from December 2000 stopped a recount of votes in Florida
FJ 2025 In this case, "our consideration is limited to the present circumstances" about "equal protection in election processes"
9 4x $250 avg J:1 DJ:3
J $200 2003 The Judiciary Act of 1869 stabilized the size of the court at this number
DJ $200 1994 Though the first court had just 6 members, the number has been set at this since 1869
DJ $200 1989 It wasn't until 1869 that the number of justices stabilized at this number
a warrant 4x $550 avg DJ:4
DJ $400 2014 Mapp v. Ohio (1961) determined that a state prosecution couldn't introduce evidence obtained by a search without this
DJ $600 1992 It authorizes a policeman to arrest & bring before a court a person charged with a crime
DJ $1,000 1990 It's an order for the arrest of a person issued by a judge
a statute of limitations 4x $600 avg J:3 DJ:1
DJ $200 1985 A law that sets a time frame for filing lawsuits or prosecuting crimes
J $800 2025 3 words: "the time within which a lawsuit must be filed"
J $1,000 2011 The amount of time you have to file a lawsuit is determined by an S.O.L., one of these
Felix Frankfurter 4x $800 avg J:1 DJ:3
J $600 2023 Hot-dogged it as a Harvard law prof from 1914 to 1939
DJ $1,200 2014 This man, who helped found the ACLU in 1920, must have said, "Hot dog!" after taking the bench 19 years later
DJ $600 2000 Hot dog! This justice appointed by FDR was born in Vienna
Worth Knowing (150)
William O. Douglas 3 venue 3 Thomas Jefferson 3 the Bar 3 Separate but equal 3 Plaintiff 3 perjury 3 misdemeanors 3 Marbury v. Madison 3 Louisiana 3 John Paul Stevens 3 Jimmy Carter 3 Ipso Facto 3 insanity 3 in absentia 3 hearsay 3 extradition 3 embezzlement 3 due process 3 Dred Scott 3 diplomatic immunity 3 collusion 3 California 3 Brown v. Board of Education 3 battery 3 an indictment 3 the attorney general 3 Solicitor General 3 Public Domain 3 Alito 3 a pickpocket 3 (John) Roberts 3 Puerto Rico 3 Warren G. Harding 2 Warren Burger 2 unconstitutional 2 Ukraine 2 trespassing 2 trafficking 2 trademarks 2 Torts 2 the Pentagon Papers 2 the law of the jungle 2 the flag 2 the Fifth Amendment 2 the death penalty 2 the bankruptcy code 2 the American Bar Association 2 the ABA (American Bar Association) 2 the 1980s 2 the 1930s 2 the 1920s 2 Stanford 2 solitary confinement 2 small claims court 2 small claims 2 slander 2 Sing Sing 2 sharia 2 Sevastopol 2 seniority 2 self-defense 2 sedition 2 Salmon P. Chase 2 Roger Taney 2 racketeering 2 prima facie 2 prejudice 2 piracy 2 Patty Hearst 2 parole 2 oyez 2 notary 2 negligence 2 Napoleonic Code 2 Meyer Lansky 2 Mayhem 2 martial law 2 March 18 2 malice 2 London 2 larceny 2 Juvenile Court 2 jury duty 2 intestate 2 income tax evasion 2 impeachment 2 Gandhi 2 friend of the court 2 Franklin Delano Roosevelt 2 forgery 2 F. Lee Bailey 2 extortion 2 ex post facto 2 entrapment 2 eminent domain 2 embezzle 2 Elizabeth I 2 Elena Kagan 2 Edward VI 2 double jeopardy 2 Delaware 2 damages 2 custody 2 cruel & unusual punishment 2 counterfeiting 2 counsel 2 corpus delicti 2 community property 2 common law 2 Clyde Barrow 2 clerks 2 clerk 2 Chief Justice 2 Byron "Whizzer" White 2 Boston 2 Bonnie Parker 2 bingo 2 barristers 2 bail 2 asylum 2 argumentative 2 an injunction 2 an embargo 2 an annulment 2 an affidavit 2 America's Most Wanted 2 Al Capone 2 adultery 2 Abraham Lincoln 2 abet 2 Aaron Burr 2 a trademark 2 a squatter 2 a search warrant 2 a precedent 2 a non-disclosure agreement 2 a lien 2 a fence 2 a deposition 2 a chain gang 2 a brief 2 your own recognizance 2 witness protection 2 the U.S. Court of Appeals 2 the Texas Rangers 2 the Royal Canadian Mounted Police 2 the prosecutor 2 the bench 2 prayer 2
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